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语法要点：直接引语和间接引语属于宾语从句范畴。直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话， 或引用自己说过的话，叫间接引语。由于时间、地点以及人物都有可能起变化，所以间接引语中的时态、人称、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。
1. 直接引语和间接引语的转换方法
① 间接引语语序改为陈述句语序
陈述句用 that 引导，口语中常省略 She said，例：
“I am going to the cinema. ”
→ She said (that) she was going to the cinema.
② 一般疑问句
用if/whether连接，例：
“Have you ever travelled by plane?” she asked me.
→ She asked me if / whether I had travelled by plane.
③ 反意疑问句
用if/whether连接，例：
He asked，“You are a doctor， aren’t you?”
→ He asked (me) if / whether I was a doctor.
④ 特殊疑问句
由原疑问词连接(如疑问代词是主语，不要改变语序)，例：
He asked, “Who will come to help us?”
→ He asked who would come to help them.
She said, “Where have you been， Simon?”
→ She asked Simon where he had been.
⑤ 选择疑问句
由 whether…or 引导，例：
Eddie said, “Is this a TV set or a computer?”
→ Eddie asked (me) whether that was a TV set or a computer.
⑥ 祈使句
用“tell /ask /order someone (not) to do something” 结构，将动词原形变为动词不定式，例：
“Put up your hands，” said the teacher.
→ The teacher told them to put up their hands.
“Don’t play football on the street，” the policeman said.
→ The policeman ordered us not to play football on the street.
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